Correction and Retraction

Correction and Retraction

Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business upholds its responsibility to maintain the integrity, accuracy, and completeness of the scholarly record for the benefit of the academic community and readers. Any changes to published articles are made only under specific circumstances, following the principles and best practices recommended by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The journal places great importance on the authority and reliability of its published content and is committed to transparency in addressing necessary corrections or retractions.

An Erratum is a formal statement issued by the authors of the original article to address errors or omissions identified after publication. Such corrections may include factual inaccuracies, typographical mistakes, or other minor issues that do not compromise the overall conclusions of the study. When an erratum is published, the corrected article remains available on the Shirkah website, with a clearly linked and freely accessible notice indicating the nature of the correction. Any impact on the article’s findings or interpretation is explicitly stated.

A Retraction is issued when an article’s findings or integrity are deemed unreliable, whether due to research misconduct, honest error, duplicate publication, plagiarism, or unethical research practices. A retraction notice clearly explains the reason for the action and identifies who initiated it, authors, editors, or the publisher. The retracted article remains on the Shirkah website to preserve the scholarly record but is clearly marked as retracted, with the retraction notice freely accessible and linked to the original article. If a retraction occurs without the unanimous consent of the authors, this is duly noted. In rare and exceptional cases involving legal or ethical violations, the publisher may redact or remove an article while retaining bibliographic information to maintain record integrity.

A Publisher’s Note is issued by the publisher to notify readers of corrections made after publication due to typographical or production errors that affect article metadata, such as the title, author names, or byline, or significantly hinder comprehension. In such cases, the original article is replaced with a corrected version, and the date of correction is indicated. Publisher’s Notes are freely available to all readers. Minor errors that do not affect comprehension or scholarly integrity are corrected at the discretion of the publisher. Authors should note that an article may be replaced with a corrected version only within one year of its original publication date; corrections beyond this period will be recorded through a Publisher’s Note.

This policy is fully aligned with the COPE Guidelines for Retracting Articles, which serve as a foundation for ethical editorial decision-making and best practices in scholarly publishing.