Islamic Business Ethics and Islamic Microfinance in Pesantren Gontor
How to cite (SHIRKAH) :
Islam affirms that there stand for mutual affect in business processes, until the business practice as a work field recommended to the adherents; while discussing ethics of business activity poped out to minimize cheating and fraud activities. However, Islamic business ethics felt difficult to apply in practice, especially in the business of buying and selling. Modern Islamic Boarding School “Darussalam†Gontor is one of the self-financing and self-help islamic boarding schools in the economic supported by cooperatives in pesantren (koppontren). This paper aims to comprehensively understand the application of Islamic business ethics and focus on the entrepreneurs in business sectors Gontor La-Tansa’s cooperatives. This research had systematically employed mix method research with sequential explanatory design and case study. Gathering data through using questionnaires, interviews, observation and documentation has been performing analysis through data reduction, data display, and data verification. This paper argues that Gontor La-Tansa’s cooperatives sector can run the business activities with implementing business ethics according to the Qur’an and Sunna values. Appear from the height comprehension of the business to the axiom business ethics and the height application in business activities in each business sector. In addition, the role of kiai and business unit supervisor is high. Data displays a level of the height direction (80 percent) and control on the application of business ethics (72 percent). The Islamic business ethics can be applied on firm’s and government’s law with height comprehension and controlling.
Keyword: Islamic business ethics, Gontor, pesantren, kiaiÂ
Abdelzaher, D.M, Kotb, A., Helfaya, A. (2017). Eco Islam: Beyond the Principles of Why and What, and Into the Principles of How. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-21.
An Nabhani, T. (2009). Membangun Sistem Ekonomi Alternatif Perspektif Islam. Diterjemahkan oleh Maghfur Wachid. Surabaya: Risalah Gusti.
Anoraga, P dan W. N. (1993). Dinamika Koperasi. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Arli, D., Tjiptono, F. (2017). God and Green: Investigating The Impact of Religiousness on Green Marketing. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing 22 (3), 1578.
Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa. (2015). “Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesiaâ€, http://kbbi.web.id/ etika, diakses pada tanggal 13 Juni 2015.
Baswir, R. (2010). Koperasi Indonesia. Yogyakarta: BPFE UGM.
Bungin, M. B. (2007). Penelitian Kualitatif Komunikasi, Ekonomi, Kebijakan Publik dan Ilmu Sosial Lainnya, Jakarta: Kencana.
Bungin, M.B. (2013) Metodologi Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi: Format-format Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif untuk Studi Sosiologi, Kebijakan Publik, Komunikasi, Manajemen dan Pemasaran. Jakarta: Kencana.
Burhanuddin, H. (2013). “Etika Bisnis Menurut Islam (Suatu telaah material-Immaterial oriented)â€, dalam Etika Ekonomi dan Bisnis Perspektif Agama-agama di Indonesia, Diedit oleh Wijaya, Yahya dan Noor, Nina M., Geneva: Globethic.net.
Beekun, R.I. (1997). Islamic Business Ethic. Virginia: International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Bertens, K (1993). Etika. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Creswell, J.W. (2009) Research Design; Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods. Boston: McGraw-Hill.
Cresswell, J.W. (2013). Penelitian Kualitatif dan Desigh Riset: Memilih diantara Lima Pendekatan, Diterjemahkan oleh Ahmad Lintang Lazuardi, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
De George, R. T. (1986). Business Ethics. New York: MacMillan Publishing.
Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (1988). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (Edisi kedua). Jakarta: Depdikbud.
Dhofier, Z. (1982). Tradisi Pesantren; Studi Tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Hatta, M (1954). Kumpulan Karangan III.Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
Hatasuhu, A.D. (2001). “Manajemen Koperasi Menuju Kewirausaan Koperasiâ€. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatra, Vol.1, Oktober.
Kamri, N.A., Basir, S.A., Ramlan, S.F. (2017). Implementing Ethical Codes at Workplace: A Discussion on The Factors of The Enforcement, Employee Awareness and Understanding. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 25 (2), pp. 761-781.
Kalemci, R.A., Kalemci Tuzun, I. (2017). Understanding Protestant and Islamic Work Ethic Studies: A Content Analysis of Articles. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-10.
Keraf, A. S. (1998). Etika Bisnis Tuntutan dan Relevansinya.Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Khan, M.A. (2017). Business Education Across Regions: The Case of The Middle East. Business Education and Ethics: Concept, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications 2-3, 946-963.
Kismono, G. (2001) Bisnis Pengantar. Yogyakarta: BPFE-UGM.
Latief, D. (2006). Etika Bisnis antara Norma dan Realitas. Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press.
Magnis-Suseno, F. (1987) Etika Dasar: Masalah-Masalah Pokok Filsafat Moral. Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Mastuhu. (1994) Dinamika Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren; Suatu Kajian Tentang Unsur dan Nilai Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren. Jakarta: INIS.
Miskawaih, I. (1934). Tahzibu-l-Akhlaq wa Tathhiru-l-A’raq, Mesir: Al Mathba’ah Al Mishriyyah.
Miles, M dan H. M. (1992), Analisis Data Qualitatif. Diterjemahkan Tjejep Rohendi Rohidi, oleh, Jakarta: UI Press.
Moleong, L. J. (1989). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif, Jakarta: Remaja Rosyda Karya.
Muhadjir, N. (1989), Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif, Yogyakarta: Rake Sasarin.
Muhammad (2004). Etika Bisnis Islami, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Naqvi, S. N. H. (1985) Etika dan Ilmu Ekonomi; Suatu Sintesis Islami, Diterjemahkan oleh Anis, Husin dan Hikmat, Asep, Bandung: Mizan.
Nata, A. (2010) Akhlak Tasawwuf. Jakarta: Rajawali Press.
Nurdin, B. dan A.Y. (1993) Beberapa Aspek Historis Perkembangan Koperasi di Indonesia, dalam Mencari Bentuk, Posisi, dan Realita Koperasi dalam Orde Ekonomi Indonesia. Diedit oleh Swasono, Sri Edi, Jakarta: UI Press.
Pals, D.L. (2006) Dekontruksi Kebenaran Kritik Tujuh Teori Agama. Diterjemahkan oleh Muzir, Inyiak Ridwan dan Syukri, M. Yogyakarta: IRCiSoD.
Reksohardjiprojo, S. (1998) Manajemen Koperasi. Edisi kelima. Yogyakarta: BPFE.
Rianto, A. (2005). Metodelogi Penelitian Sosial dan Hukum. Jakarta: Granit.
Soeratno dan A. L. (2003). Metodologi Penelitian untuk Ekonomi dan Bisnis. Yogyakara: UPP-AMP YKPN.
Sugiyono (2010). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D.Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sugiyono, (2013). Metode Penelitian Kombinasi (Mixed Methods). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Streenbrink, K.A.. (1986). Pesantren Madrasah Sekolah; Pendidikan Islam dalam Kurun kurun Modern. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Svensson, G. and W. G. (2003). “The Dynamics of Business Ethics: a funcion of time and culture-case and modelsâ€. Jurnal Management Decision. 41(4).
Svensson, G.(2008) “A Model of Business Ethicsâ€. Jurnal of Business Ethics. 77(3). February.
Tran, B. (2008). “Paradigms in Corporate Ethics: the legality and values of corporate ethicsâ€, Sosial Responsibility Journal. 4.(1/ 2). 2008.
Tim Penyusun. (2007). Pengelolaan Yayasan: Pengalaman Yayasan Pemeliharaan dan Perluasan Wakaf Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor. Ponorogo: Dokumentasi YPPWPM.
Warta Dunia Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor. Risalah Akhir Tahun Ajaran 2009, 2012-2015, Ponorogo: Darussalam Press.
Weber, M. (2006). Etika Protestan dan Spirit Kapitalisme; Sejarah Kemunculan dan Ramalan Tentang Perkembangan Kultur Industrial Kontemporer Secara Menyeluruh (transl. Utomo, TW dan Sudiraja, Yusuf P). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Yusanto dan W. (2002). Menggagas Bisnis Islami, Jakarta: Gema Insani Press.
Zarkasyi, A. S. (2003). “Etika Bisnis dalam Islam dan Relevansinya dalam Aktivitas Bisnis: Studi Kasus Pondok Modern Gontorâ€, disampaikan pada Seminar Business Ethics and Enterpreneurship in Islamic Perspective, di Fakultas Syariah UIN Sunan Kalijaga, pada 26 Februari 2003. Yogyakarta: UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Zarkasyi, A. S. (2011). Bekal Untuk Memimpin: Pengalaman Meminpin Gontor, Ponorogo: Trimurti Press.
Ziemek, M. (1986). Pesantren dalam Perubahan Sosial. Jakarta: Penghimpunan Pengembangan Pesantren dan Masyarakat (P3M).
Wawancara dengan ketua Yayasan Perluasan dan Pemeliharaan Wakaf Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Ustadz H. Imam Shobari, S.Ag., di kantor YPPWPM gedung Asia, Pada tanggal 3 Mei 2015.
Wawancara dengan wakil Ketua Yayasan Perluasan dan Pemeliharaan Wakaf Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Ustadz Drs. H. Imam Muchtar., di kantor YPPWPM gedung Asia, May 3, 2015.
Wawancara dengan Bendahara Yayasan Perluasan dan Pemeliharaan Wakaf Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Ustadz Suraji Badi’, S.Ag., di rumah wisma Darussalam, May 5, 2015.
Wawancara dengan Pembimbing Koppontren “La-Tansa†Unit KUK Ustadz Hasib Amrullah, M.Ud., di rumah Baitu-l-Makkah, May 7, 2015.
Wawancara dengan staff Administrasi Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor Ustadz Zaein Nasruddin Fajri, S.H.I, di kantor Administrasi gedung Madrasah, May 8, 2015.
Copyright
Copyright aims to protect the specific way the article has been written to describe an experiment and the results. Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business is committed to its authors to protect and defend their work and their reputation and takes allegations of infringement, plagiarism, ethical disputes, and fraud very seriously. Automotive Experiences is published under the terms of the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication (online and print) with the work simultaneously. We use the restrictive license (non-commercial) as follows:
BY (attribution): Users are allowed to share, distribute and redistribute the published article in any medium or format, with an identification of the authors and its initial publication in this journal. Authors are encouraged to post and distribute their articles immediately after publication (e.g., institutional or public repositories, personal websites). Authors are allowed to enter into additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published and an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
NC (non-commercial): Users are not allowed to use the article commercially without the permission of the authors. Authors agree explicitly that the published article is indexed worldwide in databases, repositories and indexation services, even if these services operate on a commercial basis. Authors grant Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business explicit the right to include the published articles in databases, repositories and indexation services. License
License to Publish
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). The author hereby grants Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business an exclusive publishing and distribution license in the manuscript include tables, illustrations or other material submitted for publication as part of the manuscript (the “Articleâ€) in print, electronic and all other media (whether now known or later developed), in any form, in all languages, throughout the world, for the full term of copyright, and the right to license others to do the same, effective when the article is accepted for publication. This license includes the right to enforce the rights granted hereunder against third parties.
Author's Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author/s, has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
User Rights
Under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, the author(s) and users are free to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material). Users must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.
Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
- Copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- The right to use the substance of the article in future own works, including lectures and books,
- The right to reproduce the article for own purposes, provided the copies are not offered for sale, and
- The right to self-archive the article.
Co-Authorship
If the article was prepared jointly with other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business or its sublicensee.
Miscellaneous
Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business will publish the article (or have it published) in the Journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business may conform the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, and usage that it deems appropriate.