Navigating the Nexus: Exploring the Relationship between Intellectual Capital, Financial Performance, and Firm Value

Andi Surya* -  Faculty of Business, Mitra Indonesia University, Lampung, Indonesia

While previous study has drawn attention to the relationship between intellectual capital, financial performance, and firm value, there is still room for empirical research into the role of mediating factor between them. This research aims to determine the role of intellectual capital and financial performance in improving the firm value of the manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. For this study, we collected financial reports from seven manufacturing companies over five years from 2017 to 2021. We employed a quantitative method, specifically path analysis using linear regression analysis, to test our hypotheses. The results demonstrate that there is no effect of intellectual capital on both financial performance and firm value, and no mediating effect exists either. However, the effect of company performance on firm value was established in the study. The research results create a chasm, suggesting three variables to think about when making investment decisions.

Keywords : Intellectual Capital; Financial Performance; Firm Value

  1. Acuña-Opazo, C., & González, O. C. (2021). The impacts of intellectual capital on financial performance and value-added of the production evidence from Chile. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 26(51), 127-142. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEFAS-08-2019-0178
  2. Albertini, E., & Berger-Remy, F. (2019). Intellectual capital and financial performance: A meta-analysis and research agenda. M@ n@ gement, 22(2), 216-249. https://doi.org/10.3917/mana.222.0216
  3. Ali, M. A., Hussin, N., Abed, I. A., Othman, R., & Qahatan, N. (2020). Systematic review of intellectual capital and firm performance. Technology Reports of Kansai university, 62(8), 4199-4216. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mostafa-A-Ali/publication/344278446_Systematic_Review_of_Intellectual_Capital_and_Firm_Performance/links/5f735f58458515b7cf58518f/Systematic-Review-of-Intellectual-Capital-and-Firm-Performance.pdf
  4. Ali, M. A., Hussin, N., Haddad, H., Al-Araj, R., & Abed, I. A. (2021). Intellectual capital and innovation performance: Systematic literature review. Risks, 9(9), 170. https://doi.org/10.3390/risks9090170
  5. Ali, S., Murtaza, G., Hedvicakova, M., Jiang, J., & Naeem, M. (2022). Intellectual capital and financial performance: A comparative study. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 967820. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2022.967820
  6. Anwar, W., & Siddiqui, D. A. (2020). Effect of Intellectual Capital Performance on Profitability of Conventional and Islamic Banks in Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis Based on Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC). SSRN. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3682816
  7. Bon, S. F., & Hartoko, S. (2022). The effect of dividend policy, investment decision, leverage, profitability, and firm size on firm value. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 7(3), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2022.7.3.1405
  8. Buallay, A., Cummings, R., & Hamdan, A. (2019). Intellectual capital efficiency and bank’s performance: A comparative study after the global financial crisis. Pacific Accounting Review, 31(4), 672-694. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-04-2019-0039
  9. Fajaria, A. Z., & Isnalita, N. I. D. N. (2018). The effect of profitability, liquidity, leverage and firm growth of firm value with its dividend policy as a moderating variable. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR), 6(10), 55-69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2349-0349.0610005
  10. Gardi, B., Aga, M., & Abdullah, N. N. (2023). Corporate Governance and Financial Reporting Quality: The Mediation Role of IFRS. Sustainability, 15(13), 9869. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15139869
  11. Gogan, L. M., Artene, A., Sarca, I., & Draghici, A. (2016). The impact of intellectual capital on organizational performance. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 221, 194-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.106
  12. Gupta K., Goel S., & Bhatia P. (2020). Intellectual capital and profitability: evidence from Indian pharmaceutical sector. Vision 24, 204–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262920914108
  13. Hamdan, A. (2018). Intellectual capital and firm performance: Differentiating between accounting-based and market-based performance. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 11(1), 139-151. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-02-2017-0053
  14. Hejazi, R., Ghanbari, M., & Alipour, M. (2016). Intellectual, human and structural capital effects on firm performance as measured by Tobin's Q. Knowledge and Process Management, 23(4), 259-273. https://doi.org/10.1002/kpm.1529
  15. Hermanto, Y. B., Lusy, L., & Widyastuti, M. (2021). How financial performance and state-owned enterprise (SOE) values are affected by good corporate governance and intellectual capital perspectives. Economies, 9(4), 134. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9040134
  16. Li, Y., Song, Y., Wang, J., & Li, C. (2019). Intellectual capital, knowledge sharing, and innovation performance: Evidence from the Chinese construction industry. Sustainability, 11(9), 2713. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092713
  17. Mukaro, C. T., Deka, A., & Rukani, S. (2023). The influence of intellectual capital on organizational performance. Future Business Journal, 9(1), 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-023-00208-1
  18. Nguyen, A. H., & Doan, D. T. (2020). The impact of intellectual capital on firm value: Empirical evidence from Vietnam. International Journal of Financial Research, 11(4), 74-85. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v11n4p74
  19. Ni, Y., Cheng, Y. R., & Huang, P. (2021). Do intellectual capitals matter to firm value enhancement? Evidences from Taiwan. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 22(4), 725-743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JIC-10-2019-0235
  20. Nuryaman, N. (2015). The influence of intellectual capital on the firm’s value with the financial performance as intervening variable. Procedia–Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 292-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.037
  21. Pirogova, O., Voronova, O., Khnykina, T., & Plotnikov, V. (2020). Intellectual capital of a trading company: Comprehensive analysis based on reporting. Sustainability, 12(17), 7095. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177095
  22. Pulic, A. (2000). VAIC™–an accounting tool for IC management. International journal of technology management, 20(5-8), 702-714. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTM.2000.002891
  23. Pulic, A. (1998, January). Measuring the performance of intellectual potential in knowledge economy. In 2nd McMaster word congress on measuring and managing intellectual capital by the Austrian team for intellectual potential (pp. 1-20). https://www.bib.irb.hr/35384
  24. Suhadak, S., Kurniaty, K., Handayani, S. R., & Rahayu, S. M. (2018). Stock return and financial performance as moderation variable in influence of good corporate governance towards corporate value. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 4(1), 18-34. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJAR-07-2018-0021
  25. Vaz, C. R., Selig, P. M., & Viegas, C. V. (2019). A proposal of intellectual capital maturity model (ICMM) evaluation. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 20(2), 208-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JIC-12-2016-0130
  26. Weqar, F., & Haque, S. I. (2022). The influence of intellectual capital on Indian firms' financial performance. International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 19(2), 169-188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJLIC.2021.10039514
  27. Weqar, F., Khan, A. M., Raushan, M. A., & Haque, S. I. (2021). Measuring the impact of intellectual capital on the financial performance of the finance sector of India. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 12, 1134-1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13132-020-00654-0

Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business
Published by Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business (FEBI)
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Surakarta, Indonesia
Jln. Pandawa No. 1, Pucangan, Kartasura, Central Java, Indonesia, 57168
Phone: +62271-781516
Website: http://shirkah.or.id/new-ojs/index.php/home
Email: shirkahiainsurakarta@gmail.com

P-ISSN :2503-4235 | E-ISSN : 2503-4243

This ejournal system and it's contents licensed under
a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License