Performance, Competence, Job Satisfaction, and Financial Compensation of Cosmetics Salesforce during the COVID-19 Outbreak

Bambang Dwi Suseno* -  Faculty of Economics and Business, Bina Bangsa University, Indonesia
Indah Hartini Sofa -  Faculty of Economics and Business, Bina Bangsa University, Indonesia
Mohammad Tri Widayanto -  Faculty of Economics and Buseness, Bina Bangsa University, Indonesia
Basrowi Basrowi -  Faculty of Economics and Buseness, Bina Bangsa University, Indonesia
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a decrease in sales turnover for the cosmetic industry, causing salesforce performance to be unsatisfactory. The study developed a model to improve the performance of the cosmetics industry in Banten Province of Indonesia. This quantitative study employed SmartPLS 3.3.2 version to analyze the data obtained from 120 respondents through observations and questionnaire. The results of the empirical model with SEM-PLS revealed that competence has a significant positive effect on financial compensation, competence has a significant positive effect on salesforce job satisfaction, salesforce job satisfaction has a significant positive effect on salesforce performance, financial compensation has no effect on salesforce performance, and salesforce performance has no effect on financial compensation. It is recommended that the cosmetic industry recalculate the amount of compensation appropriately according to measurable performance to yield an impact on salesforce performance. This study highlights the importance of competence-based compensation for fostering self-improvement of employee.

Keywords : Competence; Cosmetic Industry; Financial Compensation; Job Performance; Salesforce Performance

  1. Ahsan, S., Ahmmed, T., & Alam, F. (2022). The COVID-19, power generation and economy – Case study of a developing country. The Electricity Journal, 35(6), 107145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tej.2022.107145
  2. Artz, B., Blanchflower, D. G., & Bryson, A. (2022). Unions increase job satisfaction in the United States. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 203(November), 173-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2022.09.007
  3. Bagia, I. W., & Cipta, W. (2019). The influence of competency and job control on the job satisfaction and its impact on the employee’s performance. International Conference on Tourism, Economics, Accounting, Management, and Social Science (TEAMS 19) (pp. 138-145). Atlantis Press. https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/teams-19.2019.26
  4. Bakan, I., & Buyukbese, A. T. (2013). The relationship between employees' income level and employee job satisfaction: An empirical study. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(7), 18-25. https://ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol_4_No_7_July_2013/3.pdf
  5. Bilan, Y. (2020). Gender discrimination and its links with compensations and benefits practices in enterprises. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 8(3), 189-204, https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2020.080311
  6. Cakranegara, P. A. & Pramisti, V. Y. D. (2021). The influence of probability and debt rations toward the stock return of cosmetic industry in Indonesia. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 12(1), 965-971. https://www.enrichment.iocspublisher.org/index.php/enrichment/article/view/338
  7. Chung, D. J., Kim, B., & Syam, N. B. (2020). A practical approach to sales compensation: What do we know now? What should we know in the future?. Foundations and Trends® in Marketing, 14(1), 1-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1700000063
  8. Dai, T., & Jerath, K. (2013). Salesforce compensation with inventory considerations. Management Science, 59(11), 2490-2501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1809
  9. Dash, S. R. & Maitra, D. (2022). The COVID-19 pandemic uncertainty, investor sentiment, and global equity markets: Evidence from time-frequency co-movements. The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 62(November), 101712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.najef.2022.101712
  10. Dilman, Hakim, A., & Juharsah .(2019). Pengaruh kompetensi pegawai terhadap kepuasan kerja yang dimediasi oleh kompensasi (Influence of employee competence towards work satisfaction mediumed by compensation). JUMBO (Jurnal Manajemen, Bisnis dan Organisasi), 3(3), 16-29. http://ojs.uho.ac.id/index.php/JUMBO/article/view/10113/0
  11. Hartmann, A. J., Gangl, K., Kasper, M., Kirchler, E., Kocher, M. G., Mueller, M., & Sonntag, A. (2022). The economic crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic has a negative effect on tax compliance: Results from a scenario study in Austria. Journal of Economic Psychology, 93(December), 102572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2022.102572
  12. Holtom, B., Kiazard, K., & Dandu, Y. (2020). Organizational practices that promote job embeddedness and retention. Organizational Dynamics, 49(4), 100731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2019.08.003
  13. Keating, B. W., Keramat, S. A., Waller, I., & Hashmi, R. (2022). Job satisfaction dynamics: how do they impact employment mode choice for people with a disability?. Heliyon, e11076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11076
  14. Kim, H. S. & Jang, S. (2020). The effect of increasing employee compensation on firm performance: Evidence from the restaurant industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 88(July), 102513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102513
  15. Kim, J., Jeon, H. J., & Kim, G. G. (2022). Overconfidence or competence? Your employees know. Economic Letters, 216(July), 110580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2022.110580
  16. Kolling, C., Riberiro, J. L. D., & Medeiros, J. F. (2022). Performance of the cosmetics industry from the perspective of corporate social responsibility and design for sustainability. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 30(March), 171-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.12.002
  17. Lucia-Palacios, L., Perez-Lopez, R., & Polo-Redondo, Y. (2020). How situational circumstances modify the effects of frontline employees’ competences on customer satisfaction with the store. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52(1), 101905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101905
  18. Luo, J. J. (2022). Occupational licensing and job satisfaction: Evidence from US data. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 101930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2022.101930
  19. Mabaso, C. M., & Dlamini, B. I. (2017). Impact of compensation and benefits on job satisfaction. Research Journal of Business Management, 11(2), 80-90. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjbm.2017.80.90
  20. Marinescu, I., Skandalis, D., & Zhao, D. (2021). The impact of the Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation on job search and vacancy creation. Journal of Public Economics, 200(August), 104471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2021.104471
  21. Matthews, B., Daigle, J., & Houston, M. (2018). A dyadic of employee readiness and job satisfaction: does there exist a theoretical precursor to the satisfaction-performance paradigm?. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 26(5), 842-857. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-01-2018-1320
  22. Meutia, Sari, I., & Ismail, T. (2016). Pengaruh kompensasi dan kompentesi dengan motivasi sebagai intervening dalam meningkatkan kinerja. Jurnal Manajemen, 20(3), 353-369. https://doi.org/10.24912/jm.v20i3.12
  23. Oesterrieich, T. D., Teuteberg, F., Bensberg, F., & Buscher, G. (2019). The controlling profession in the digital age: Understanding the impact of digitisation on the controller’s job roles, skills, and competence. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 35(December). 100432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accinf.2019.100432
  24. Ohunakin, F. & Olugbade, O. A. (2022). Do employees’ perceived compensation system influence turnover intentions and job performance? The role of communication satisfaction as a moderator. Tourism Management Perspectives, 42(April). 100970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.100970
  25. Park, S. Y., & Rhee, Y. S. (2015), The effects of communication, hair designer’s skill and service management on customer satisfaction and switching intention in hairdressing services. Journal of The Korean Society of cosmetology, 21(1), 41-51. https://www.e-jkc.org/m/journal/view.php?number=1562
  26. Prasyanto, G. R. (2017). Pengaruh Kompetensi Karyawan Terhadap Kinerja Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 5(2), 1-8. https://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jim/article/view/18887
  27. Putri, V. L., & Widjaja, H. (2016). Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional, Penghargaan dan Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pada PT Catur Mitra Sejati Sentosa (Mitra 10). Jurnal Manajerial dan Kewirausahaan, 4(2), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmk.v1i1.2794
  28. Rakhman, A., & Rais, R. (2020). Analisa Pakan Burung Otomatis Menggunakan Arduino Berbasis Internet Of Things. Syntax Literate; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia, 5(5), 18-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v5i5.1151
  29. Rangarajan, D., Sharma, A., Lyngdoh, T., & Paesbrugghe, B. (2021). Business-to-business selling in the post-COVID-19 era: Developing an adaptive sales force. Business Horizons, 64(5), 647-658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.030
  30. Ren, Y. (2020). Residents’ willingness to pay for ecosystem services and its influencing factors: A study of the Xin'an River basin. Journal of Cleaner Production, 268(September), 122301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122301
  31. Rouen, E. (2020). Rethinking measurement of pay disparity and its relation to firm performance. Accounting Review, 95(1), 343-378. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-52440
  32. Salisu, J. B., Chinyio, E., & Suresh, S. (2015). The impact of compensation on the job satisfaction of public sector construction workers of Jigawa state of Nigeria. The Business & Management Review, 6(4), 282-296. https://cberuk.com/cdn/conference_proceedings/2015iacp47.pdf
  33. Samara, G., jamali, D., & Parada, M. J. (2021). Antecedents and outcomes of bifurcated compensation in family firms: A multilevel view. Human Resource Management Review, 31(1), 100728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2019.100728
  34. Saputro, E., & Darda, A. (2019). Pengaruh motivasi kerja dan kompensasi terhadap kinerja pegawai. Jurnal Ekobis: Ekonomi, Bisnis & Manajemen, 9(2), 114-123. https://doi.org/10.37932/j.e.v9i2.60
  35. Sharma, A., Rangarajan, D., & Paesbrugghe, B. (2020). Increasing resilience by creating an adaptive salesforce. Insudtrial Marketing Management, 88(July), 238-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.023
  36. Simms, C., McGowan, P., Pickernell, D., Vasquez-Brust, D., & Williams, A. (2022). Uncovering the effectual-causal resilience nexus in the era of COVID-19: A case of a food sector SME’s resilience in the face of the global pandemic. Industrial Marketing Management, 106(October), 166-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2022.08.012
  37. So, Y. J., Lee, J. Y., Choi, Y. J., Lee, W. S., Cho, A. J., Youn, M. K., Kwon, L.S., & Choi, E. M. (2020). Customer satisfaction management and service quality according to the DISC behavior type. Journal of Distribution Science, 18(12), 79-90. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.18.12.202012.79
  38. Suseno, B. D., Yuniawan, A., & Dwiatmadja, C. (2019). The Model of Capability Soft Governance in Family Business: Empirical Study in Bus Transportation Industry in Jakarta, Indonesia. Journal of Economic Cooperation & Development, 40(2), 25-57. https://www.sesric.org/publications-jecd.php
  39. Suseno, B. D. & Dwiatmadja, C. (2016). Technology transfer motive of managers in Eastern Asia: empirical results from manufacture industry in Banten province, Indonesia. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 14(2), 36-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(2).2016.04
  40. Tahmasebi, M. & Rocca, M. (2015). A Fuzzy model to estimate the size of the underground economy applying structural equation modelling. Journal of Applied Economics, 18(2), 347-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1514-0326(15)30015-5
  41. Treen, E. & Yu, Y. (2022). Empathy and EGO-drive in the B2B salesforce: Impacts on job satisfaction. Industrial Marketing Management, 106(October). 270-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2022.08.001
  42. Trejo, J. M. (2021). COVID-19 ads on purchase intention of online consumer behavior as business innovation activity: A contribution to the uses and gratification theory. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 49(September), 101086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2021.101086
  43. Troisi, O., Maione, G., Grimaldi, M., & Loia, F. (2020). Growth hacking: Insights on data-driven decision-making from three firms. Insudtrial Marketing Management, 90(October), 538-557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2019.08.005
  44. Tirkolaee, E. B., Golpira, H., Javanmardan, A., & Maihami, R. (2022). A socio-economic optimization model for blood suply chain network design during the COVID-19 pandemic: An interactive possibilistic programming approach for a real case study. Sciences, September 2022, 101439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2022.101439
  45. Varma, P., Kiely, J., & Giblin, A. V. (2022). Cosmetic tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic: Dealing with aftermath. Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, 75(1), 206-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2021.11.013
  46. Wicaksono, A. (2020). Aktivitas Fisik Yang Aman Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan Undiksha, 8(1), 10-15. https://doi.org/10.23887/jiku.v8i1.28446
  47. Widjanarko, R. A. K. & Anggoro, Y. (2021). Evaluation of GMP compliance on cosmetics: Case study on cosmetic industries in Indonesia. Journal of International Conference Proceesings, 4(2), 150-160. http://ejournal.aibpm.org/index.php/JICP/article/view/1235
  48. Yousef, D.A. (2000). Organizational commitment: a mediator of the relationships of leadership behavior with job satisfaction and performance in a non‐western country. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 15(1), 6-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940010305270
  49. Zhou, X., Jing, D., Dai, L., Wang, Y., Guo, S., & Hu, H. (2022). Evaluating the economic impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on shipping and port industry: A case study of the port of Shanghai. Ocean & Coastal Management, 230(November), 106339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106339
  50. Zhou, J., Bi, G., Liu, Hefu., Fang, Y., & Hua, Z. (2018). Understanding employee competence, operational IS alignment, and organizational agility – An ambidexterity perspective. Information & Management, 55(6), 695-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2018.02.002

Shirkah: Journal of Economics and Business
Published by Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business (FEBI)
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Surakarta, Indonesia
Jln. Pandawa No. 1, Pucangan, Kartasura, Central Java, Indonesia, 57168
Phone: +62271-781516
Website: http://shirkah.or.id/new-ojs/index.php/home
Email: shirkahiainsurakarta@gmail.com

P-ISSN :2503-4235 | E-ISSN : 2503-4243

This ejournal system and it's contents licensed under
a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License